趙昌博

Design and Digital Circuit Implementation of a Thermal Image-Based Moving Object Detection System for Moving Camera UAV Applications

電機工程學系・共同指導：陳稷康

無人機、熱影像、移動物體偵測、影像對齊、記憶體階層、連通區域標記、數位電路實作、UAV、thermal imagery、moving object detection、image registration、memory hierarchy、connected component labeling、digital circuit implementation

Real-Time Crosstalk Compensation for AMOLED Displays Based on Machine Learning and Spatial-Brightness-Aware 3D-LUT Design

人工智慧技術與應用碩士學位學程

主動矩陣有機發光二極體、串擾補償、神經網路、前向模型、反向模型、三維增益查找表、雙線性插值、AMOLED、crosstalk compensation、neural network、forward model、inverse model、3D Gain LUT、bilinear interpolation

Diffusion-Aware Local Dimming Optimization for Color Breakup Suppression and Image Fidelity in Field-Sequential Color LCDs with Machine Learning and FPGA Implementation

電機工程學系

場色序法液晶顯示器、色分裂、最佳化演算法、神經網路、區域調光、FPGA、FSC-LCD、Color Breakup、Optimization Algorithm、Neural Network、Local Dimming

Design and FPGA Implementation of an RGB-Based 6D Object Pose Estimation System

電控工程研究所

RGB 影像六自由度物體姿態估測、關鍵點偵測、嵌入式系統、硬體加速器、軟硬體協同設計、RGB-Based 6D Object Pose Estimation、Keypoint Detection、Embedded System、Hardware Accelerator、HW/SW Co-design

Design and Hardware Architecture of a High-Uniformity Micro-LED Demura Algorithm Based on CIELAB Color Space and Violation-Aware Vector Quantization

電控工程研究所

微發光二極體、瑕疵補償、均勻度補償、近無失真壓縮、向量量化、Micro-LED、Demura、Uniformity Compensation、Near-lossless Compression、Vector Quantization

Design and FPGA Verification of a Machine Learning-Based Gamma Compensation Algorithm for AMOLED Displays

智能系統研究所

AMOLED 顯示器、Gamma 補償、機器學習、查找表、FPGA 驗證、AMOLED display、Gamma compensation、machine learning、LUT、FPGA verification

ProximaNTT: A Hardware/Software Co-Designed Tightly Coupled ISA Extension for Kyber (ML-KEM) NTT on Scalar RISC-V

電機資訊國際碩士學位學程

RISC-V、CRYSTALS-Kyber、ML-KEM、CPU、NTT

A 10 Hz–100 kHz CMOS Readout Circuit with Magnitude and Phase Detection for EIS-Based Sensor Applications

電控工程研究所

化學阻抗頻譜、阻抗讀取電路、CMOS 生物感測器、同步解調、相位偵測、Randles 等效電路、Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy、Impedance Readout Circuit、CMOS Biosensor、Synchronous Demodulation、Phase Detection、Randles Equivalent Circuit

An Ultra-Low Latency Accelerator for Real-Time Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation Based on PPG signals

電機資訊國際博士學位學程

光體積變化描記訊號、無袖帶血壓估測、卷積神經網路、定點推論、硬體加速器、FPGA、photoplethysmography、cuffless blood pressure estimation、convolutional neural network、hardware accelerator、FPGA.

Variation-Aware RRAM Analog Computing-in-Memory Design with Current-Compliance Programming and a 4T1R1C Charge-Based Computing Cell Using Split-CDAC Reuse

電機工程學系

阻變式記憶體、電流順從寫入電路、類比記憶體內運算、4T1R1C、Python、split-CDAC reuse、類比數位轉換器、Verilog-A、MNIST、CIFAR-10、RRAM、Current Compliance Programming Circuit、Analog Computing-in-memory、ADC

A 4-bit Weight-Resolution Binary-Encoded Static Random-Access Memory Analog Computing-in-Memory Architecture for Edge Spiking Neural Networks

電控工程研究所

脈衝神經網路、類比記憶體內運算、二進位加權突觸電路、靜態隨機存取記憶體、FOLIF 神經元、Spiking Neural Network (SNN)、Analog Computing-in-Memory (ACIM)、Binary-weighted Synapses Circuit、SRAM、FOLIF Neuron

Design and Realization of Ultrasonic Sensor Readout Circuit for Real-Time Blood Flow Velocity Monitoring

電控工程研究所

超音波前端、超音波讀取電路、三角積分類比數位轉換器、Ultrasound front-end、Ultrasound readout circuit、Delta-sigma ADC.

A Low-Power, High-Dynamic-Range Time-Mode ROIC Using Temporal-Difference Integration for Uncooled Infrared Imaging

電控工程研究所

微輻射熱感測器、紅外線讀取電路、熱靈敏度、Microbolometer、IR Readout Integrated Circuit、NETD

Deep-Learning-based Side-Channel Attacks (DL-SCA) on Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism (ML-KEM) Hardware Accelerator

智能系統研究所

後量子密碼學、CRYSTALS-Kyber、ML-KEM、硬體安全、(深度學習)側通道攻擊、FPGA、隱藏防禦機制、Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC)、Hardware Security、(Deep Learning-based) Side-Channel Analysis、Hiding Countermeasure

Real-Time Color Correction for AMOLED Displays Based on Machine-Learning Compensation and Adaptive Nonlinear-Aware 3D-LUT Design Method

電機工程學系

主動矩陣有機發光二極體、色差、色彩校正、神經網路、Nelder–Mead最佳化、三維查找表、AMOLED、Color Difference、Color Correction、Neural Network、Nelder–Mead Optimization、3D-LUT

A Machine Learning Model for OLED Deburn-in Based on Temperature, Gray Level, Frame Rate, and PWM, with FPGA Implementation

電機工程學系

有機發光二極體、烙印、神經網路、亮度衰減、亮度補償、OLED、Burn-In、Neural-Network、Luminance Degradation、Luminance Compensation

Non-invasive Glucose Levels Prediction Based on CNN and LSTM Analysis of Photoplethysmographic Signals

電控工程研究所

光電容積描記法、血糖、糖尿病、CNN、LSTM、機器學習、Photoplethysmography、Glucose、Diabetes、Machine learning

High Throughput-to-Area Ratio Masked Hardware Implementation of Ascon

電機工程學系

硬體安全、功率分析、Ascon、域導向遮罩、FPGA、Hardware Security、Power Analysis、Domain-Oriented Masking

Hardware Design and Implementation of Personalized Model for Non-invasive Blood Pressure Measurement

人工智慧技術與應用碩士學位學程

血壓預測、神經網路、個人化模型、硬體加速器、Cuffless BP estimation、PPG、ECG、personalized model、hardware acceleration、transfer learning、FPGA

Design and Implementation of a Digital Circuit for Laser Angle Detection

前瞻半導體研究所

雷射導引、四象限光電二極體、頻率檢測與驗證機制、自動增益調整、坐標旋轉數位計算演算法、Laser Guidance、Quadrant Photodiode、Frequency Detection and Verification Mechanism、Automatic Gain Adjustment、Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer Algorithm

Personalized Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Prediction Based on LightGBM Analysis of Photoplethysmography Signals

電控工程研究所

非侵入式血糖預測、光體積變化描記圖法、機器學習、個人化微調模型、LightGBM

Prediction of Blood Glucose Levels Through XGBoost Analysis of Photoplethysmographic Signals Reflecting Hemodynamic Volume Changes

人工智慧技術與應用碩士學位學程

光體積變化描記圖法、血糖預測、非侵入式感測、極端梯度提升、糖尿病、機器學習、生理訊號處理、多波長光學感測、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Blood Glucose Prediction、Non-Invasive Sensing、Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)、Machine Learning、Physiological Signal Processing、Multi-Wavelength Optical Sensing、Diabetes

An 85-dB SFDR Calibration-Free Noise-Shaping SAR ADC with Closed-Loop Dynamic Amplifier and DAC Mismatch Error Shaping

照明與能源光電研究所

循序漸進式類比數位轉換器、雜訊整形、動態放大器、電容器堆疊、電容陣列誤差整形、SAR ADC、noise shaping、dynamic amplifier、capacitor stacking、DAC mismatch error shaping (MES)

FPGA Implementation of MLP Luminance Compensation for High-Frequency Field-Sequential Color Liquid Crystal Displays

電機工程學系

色序型顯示器、多層感知機、面板穿透率、減碳淨零、RGBW影像校正演算法、Field Sequential Color (FSC) display、Multilayer Perceptron、Panel Transmittance、Carbon Reduction and Net Zero、RGBW Image Correction Algorithm

High-Speed AI-Based Color Calibration Technology for AMOLED Displays

電機工程學系・共同指導：黃薇蓁

色差、神經網絡模型、色彩校正、查找表、白平衡、遷移學習、neural network models、color correction、color difference、Lookup tables、white balance、transfer learning

An Efficient Modeling and Color Correction Approach for OLED Panels Based on Machine Learnings

電機工程學系

色彩校正、色彩轉換矩陣、神經網路模型、遷移學習、色彩差異、color correction、color conversion matrices、neural network model、transfer learning、color difference

Real-Time IR-Drop Prediction and Compensation for AMOLED Panel Based on FPGA

電機工程學系

主動矩陣有機發光二極體、電壓降、亮度均勻度、等校電路模型、即時補償、外部補償、active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED)、IR-drop、luminance uniformity、equivalent circuit model、real-time compensation、external compensation

A Readout Integrated Circuit for MOX Semiconductor Gas Sensors

電控工程研究所

金屬氧化物半導體式氣體感測器、感測器讀取電路、時間數位轉換器、數位類比轉換器、基線矯正、MOX Semiconductor Gas Sensor、Sensor Readout Integrated Circuit、Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC)、Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)、Baseline Calibration

AMOLED Color Compensation Techniques Based on Machine Learning and Transfer Learning for Real-Time Application on Production Lines

智能系統研究所

主動矩陣有機發光二極體、類神經網路、遷移學習、色彩補償、色彩空間、AMOLED、Neural Network、Transfer Learning、Color Compensation、Color Space

Sleep Apnea Prediction based on Convolutional Neural Network Analysis and Quality-Checked PPG Signal Models

電機學院碩士在職專班

呼吸中止症、光體積變化描記圖、卷積神經網路、長短期記憶、紅光和紅外光訊號、Sleep apnea、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、convolutional neural network (CNN)、LSTM、Red and infrared light signals

Detecting Ventricular Tachycardia Using PPG Signals and Machine Learning to Prevent Sudden Cardiac Death in Advance

智能系統研究所

心因性猝死、心室頻脈、光體積變化描記圖法、心率變異分析、CatBoost、Sudden cardiac death (SCD)、Ventricular tachycardia (VT)、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Heart rate variability (HRV)

Blood Pressure Prediction on FPGA-Based Hardware Accelerator Based on PPG with CNN Model

電控工程研究所

PPG、非侵入式量測、硬體實現、FPGA、血壓預測、定點數實作、卷積神經網路、non-invasive measurement、hardware implementation、blood pressure prediction、fixed-point implementation、CNN

A 100dB Dynamic Range Analog-Front ROIC with Quad-Photodiode for a 0.25μA MDS Laser Guidance System

電控工程研究所

四象限光電二極體、高動態範圍、雷射通訊、雷射導引、讀取電路、quadrant photodiode、high dynamic range、laser communication、laser guidance system、readout integrated circuit

Precision Multi-Subject Biometrics Based on PPG Measured from an IoT Device with OPDs, Real-Time Quality Check, and Deep Learning

電機資訊國際碩士學位學程

生物識別、深度學習、質量檢查（QC）、光學容積描記法（PPG）、非侵入性、Biometric、deep learning、quality check (QC)、photoplethysmography (PPG)、non-invasive

STFT-Based Time-Frequency Representation and Spatio-Temporal Attention for Robust Blood Pressure Estimation Using PPG

電機資訊國際碩士學位學程

光體積描記圖 (PPG)、短時傅立葉轉換 (STFT)、血壓、運動偽影穩健性、時頻分析、生理訊號處理、PPG、STFT、blood pressure、motion artifact robustness、time-frequency analysis、physiological signal processing

Hardware Design and Implementation of Blood Flow Velocity Algorithm for Ultrasonic Sensor Readout

電機工程學系

醫療超音波、血流速演算法、都卜勒效應、硬體實現、現場可編程邏輯閘陣列、medical ultrasound、blood flow velocity algorithm、Doppler Effect、hardware implementation、FPGA

A Detection Circuit against Voltage Glitch Attacks in Encryption Circuits

電控工程研究所・共同指導：陳福川

故障注入攻擊、旁路攻擊、電壓毛刺、電壓毛刺偵測電路、Fault injection attack、Side-channel attack、Voltage glitch、Voltage glitch detection circuit

Ultra-High PPI Pixel Circuits for Micro Displays

電機工程學系・共同指導：黃聖傑

高PPI、像素電路、顯示驅動技術、微顯示器、有機發光二極體、發光二極體、虛擬實境、擴增實境、high PPI、pixel circuit、display driving technique、micro display、OLED、LED、virtual reality、VR、augmented reality、AR

An Innovative Motion Artifact-Resistant PPG-Based Approach for Atrial Fibrillation Detection

電控工程研究所

心房顫動、光體積變化描記圖、運動偽影、神經網絡模型、單週期波形、龐加萊圖、Atrial fibrillation (AFib)、photoplethysmography (PPG)、motion artifacts、convolutional neural network (CNN)、single-cycle、Poincaré plot

Prediction of Glycated Hemoglobin Levels Based on XGBoost Analysis of Photoplethysmographic Signals Representing Volume Changes

電控工程研究所

光體積變化描記圖法、糖化血紅蛋白、糖化血色素、糖尿病、機器學習、人工智慧、Photoplethysmography、Glycated Hemoglobin、Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)、diabetes、machine learning、artificial intelligence

A Readout Integrated Circuit for High Dynamic Range Uncooled Infrared Imager

電控工程研究所

微輻射熱感測器、紅外線讀取電路、時間數位轉換器、電容式轉阻放大器、動態範圍、Microbolometer、IR Readout Integrated Circuit、Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC)、Capacitive Transimpedance Amplifier、Dynamic Range

Active Matrix Micro-LED PWM Pixel Array & Gate Driver for AR/VR Application (4400PPI)

電機工程學系

Micro-LED、像素電路、Impulse-type PWM控制方式、SRAM、閘極驅動電路、Pixel circuit、PWM impulse-type control method、Gate driver

Using Neural Network-based Method For Biometric Identification From A PPG Signal

電機工程學系

生物辨識、深度學習、品質檢測、光體積變化描記圖法、非侵入、Biometric、Deep learning、Quality check、Photoplethysmography、non-invasive

Estimating the Concentration of Outdoor Air Pollutants Usinga Cascade Model of MLP-LSTM for Edge Applications with Gas Sensor Arrays.

電機工程學系

氣體感測器陣列、機器學習應用、氣體感測器交叉敏感效應、人工鼻、空氣污染檢測、氣體感測器演算法、gas sensor array、machine learning application、cross-sensitivity of gas sensor、artificial nose、air pollution detection、gas sensor algorithm

Predicting Frequency Deviation of Crystal Oscillator Considering Thermal Hysteresis Based on LSTM

電機工程學系

石英震盪器、頻率-溫度特性建模、動態頻率-溫度特性建模、熱遲滯效應、長短期記憶、遷移學習、crystal oscillators、frequency-temperature (f-T) characteristic modeling、dynamic f-T modeling method、thermal hysteresis、long short-term memory (LSTM)、transfer learning

Sudden Cardiac Arrest Due to VT/VF Classification Based on Heart Rate Variability and Classification Model Hardware Design

電控工程研究所

心臟驟停、猝死、心電圖、心率變異、神經網路、硬體實現、FPGA、sudden cardiac arrest/death (SCA/SCD)、sudden death、ECG、heart rate variability (HRV)、neural network、hardware implementation

Front-End Circuit Design of an Ultrasonic Sensor for Assessment of Vascular Injury in Radiation Therapy

照明與能源光電研究所

脈衝產生器、低雜訊放大器、斬波放大器、四階交換式電容低通濾波器、超音波感測器、Pulser、Low-Noise amplifier、Chopper amplifier、Fourth-order switched-capacitor low-pass filter、Ultrasonic sensors

A Detection Circuit against Clock Glitch Attacks in Encryption Circuits

電機工程學系

故障注入攻擊、旁路攻擊、時鐘毛刺、差別錯誤分析、故障靈敏度分析、Fault injection attack、Side-channel attack、Clock glitch、Differential fault analysis(DFA)、Fault sensitivity analysis(FSA)

Hardware Design and Implementation of a Fully Synthesizable True Random Number Generator Based on Phase-Locked Loop

電控工程研究所

真隨機數產生器、基於鎖相迴路的真隨機數產生器、熵源、數位熵源、熵提取器、熵數位化儀、熵採集機制、現場可程式化邏輯閘陣列、True random number generator、TRNG、PLL-based TRNG、fully synthesizable TRNG、Entropy source、Digital entropy source、Entropy extractor、Entropy digitizer、Harvesting mechanism、FPGA

Design and realization of ultrasonic sensor readout for evaluating the injury induced by radiotherapy

電機工程學系

血流速、低雜訊放大器、混頻器、可調增益放大器、三角積分類比數位轉換器、Blood flow velocity、Low-noise amplifier、Mixer、Programmable gain amplifier、Delta-sigma ADC

Blood Pressure prediction on Pregnant Women Based on PPG with CBAM-RNN and transfer learning

電機工程學系

光體積變化描記圖法、血壓、卷積神經網路、循環神經網路、遷移學習、Photoplethysmography、Blood Pressure、Convolutional neural network、CBAM、Recurrent Neural Network、Transfer learning

Predicting Decay Luminance of a Micro-LED display via Machine Learning on Temperature Distribution of Display and LED Emission Degradation and Validating by FPGA

電控工程研究所

Micro-LED、亮度衰減、類神經網路、溫度分布、硬體實現、luminance degradation、Neural Network、temperature distribution、hardware implementation

Estimation and validation of blood flow volume using image processing based on ultrasonic Doppler technology in photoplethysmography

光電系統研究所

光體積描記訊號感測器、都卜勒超音波儀、醫學影像處理、血管管徑、血流流速度、血流量、Photoplethysmography、Doppler ultrasound machine、medical image processing、vessel diameter、blood flow velocity、blood flow volume

High resolution Successive-Approximation A/D Converter with noise shaping for bio-signal applications

影像與生醫光電研究所

類比數位轉換器、雜訊整形、逐次逼近類比數位轉換器、雙尾動態比較 器、單調電容切換程序、Analog-to-Digital Converters、Noise Shaping、Successive-Approximation register ADC、Double-tail dynamic comparator、Monotonic switch procedure

Hardware Realization of AES with 2-Shares Threshold Implementation

電機工程學系

進階加密標準、門檻實作、差分功耗分析、側通道攻擊、Advanced encryption standard、Threshold Implementation、Differential power analysis

Developing Artificial Intelligent Models for Photoplethysmography Signal Quality Assessment and Blood Flow Volume Estimation in Real-Time

電機資訊國際學程

血流量(BFV)、實時信號品質評估、光電容積描記術(PPG)、動靜脈瘺(AVF)、一維卷積神經網絡(1D-CNN)、雲端伺服器、嵌入式系統、Blood flow volume (BFV)、Real-time signal quality assessment、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Arteriovenous fistula (AVF)、1-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN)、Cloud server、Embedded system

Online Template Attacks against ECC: An Example Practice against EdDSA Implemented on Hardware

電機工程學系

在線模板攻擊、蒙哥馬利階梯法、橢圓曲線密碼算法、興趣點、愛德華茲曲線數字簽名算法、簡單功率分析、Online Template Attack (OTA)、Montgomery Ladder、Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)、Point of Interest (POI)、Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm (EdDSA)、Simple Power Analysis (SPA)

Analysis of Fault Attacks on True Random Number Generators and FPGA Implement of Protection Circuit of Clock Glitch Attack

電機工程學系・共同指導：黃聖傑

故障攻擊、時鐘故障攻擊、對抗方法、電壓故障攻擊、低電壓攻擊、電磁干擾故障、fault attack、clock glitch attack、countermeasure、Power glitch、Underpower attack、Frequency attack

Full-Bridge Converter with Input Current Steering

電控工程研究所

電磁干擾、隔離全橋轉換器、零電壓切換、低輸入漣波、電流導向技術、Electromagnetic interference、isolated full-bridge converter、zero voltage switching、low input current ripple、current steering technique

Hardware Design and Implementation of Non-contact Real-time Heart Rate Measurement System

電控工程研究所

遠程PPG、非接觸式量測、心率、獨立成分分析、硬體實現、FPGA、remote PPG、non-contact measurement、heart rate、independent component analysis (ICA)、hardware implementation

The Hardware Architecture of Elliptic Curve Cryptography over GF (2^163) with a full-precision Pipelined Multiplier

電控工程研究所

橢圓曲線密碼學、標量點乘法、二進制域、Itoh Tsujii 算法、蒙哥馬利點乘演算法、現場可程式化邏輯閘陣列、特定應用積體電路、ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography)、scalar point multiplication、binary field、ITA (Itoh Tsujii algorithm)、Montgomery Ladder algorithm、FPGA、ASIC

FPGA-based Trajectory Tracking Algorithm of Multi DOFs Robot Arm Without Inverse Kinematic

電控工程研究所

嵌入式系統、FPGA、軌跡規劃、逆向運動學、笛卡爾空間、即時系統、正向運動學、embedded system、trajectory planning、inverse kinematic、Cartesian space、real-time system、forward kinematic

Detecting Atrial Fibrillation based on PPG with Poincaré Plot and Convolutional Neural Network

電控工程研究所

心房顫動、光體積變化描記圖法、心電圖、龐加萊圖、卷積神經網路、遷移式學習、Atrial Fibrillation (AF)、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Electrocardiogram (ECG)、Poincaré Plot、Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)、Transfer Learning

Estimating Blood Pressure Based on PPG Signals and Convolutional Neural Network

電機資訊國際學程

光體積變化描記圖法 (PPG)、收縮壓 (SBP)、舒張壓 (DBP)、卷積神經網路 (CNN)、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)、Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)、Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

Design and Implementation of PPG Based Motion Artifact Reduction Algorithm for Heart Rate Estimation.

電機資訊國際學程

每分鐘節拍數 (BPM)、光電容積圖 (PPG)、運動偽影、陷波濾波器、漢克爾矩陣、奇異值分解 (SVD)、算法、Beats per Minutes (BPM)、Photoplethysmogram (PPG)、Motion Artifact、Notch Filter、Hankel Matrix、Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)、Algorithm

FPGA-Based Implementation of Torque Controller for 6-DOF Articulated Robots

電機資訊國際學程

嵌入式系統、FPGA-based、力/力矩控制模式、PID演算法、高速控制器、雜訊消除、防碰撞、六軸機械手臂、embedded system、force/torque control、PID algorithm、high-speed controller、noise cancellation、anti-collision、6-DOF articulated robots、open-architecture

An Adaptive OLED Driver for PPG

電機資訊國際學程

光體積描記法、有機發光二極管驅動器、脈衝寬度調製、集成電路設計、W-2W 數模轉換器、PPG、OLED Diver、IC design、PWM、W-2W DAC

A Systematic Detection of Atrial Fibrillation Based on Photoplethysmography Waveforms Sensed by PPG Sensor

電機資訊國際學程

光電容積脈搏波描記術(PPG)、心房顫動(AF)、香農熵（ShE）、連續的特性選擇、支持向量機（SVM）、光電容積脈搏波描記術補丁、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Atrial Fibrillation、Shannon Entropy、Sequential Feature Selection、Support Vector Machine (SVM)、PPG Patch

Design and Implementation of Analog Readout Circuit for PPG Readout Estimating Blood Pressure

電控工程研究所

光體積變化描記圖法、轉阻放大器、二階高通濾波器、四階交換式電容低通濾波器、Photoplethysmography、trans-impedance amplifier、second-order pseudo-resistor high-pass filter、fourth-order switch capacitor low-pass filter

Design and Implementation of SpO2 Algorithm in Realtime Software and Hardware by a Handhe

照明與能源光電研究所

血氧飽和度、手持式、運動偽影、硬體實現、巴特沃濾波器、PPG、SpO2、handheld、motion artifact、hardware implementation、Butterworth Filter

Design and Implementation of the AI Model for Eliminating Micro-LED Display Mura

電機工程學系

微發光二極體、瑕疵檢測、瑕疵補償、卷積神經網路、比例積分微分控制、Micro-LED、Mura detection、Mura compensation、Convolution neural network、Proportional-integral-derivative control

Design and Validation of a Low-Power Integrated Adaptive Readout Circuit for a Flexible OLED-OPD PPG sensor Patch Towards Accurate Measurement of Bio-Signs

電機資訊國際學程

可饒式貼片、有機發光二極體、光電二極體、動態偽影抑制（MAR）、光電容積脈搏波 (PPG) 感測器、Flexible patch、Motion artifact rejection (MAR)、OLED、OPD、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Mental-Stress、Blood Pressure (BP)、Blood Oxygen (SpO2)

FPGA Realizes Gray-scale Dynamic Range Correction of High-performance Infrared Image Processing

電控工程研究所

FPGA、灰階對比補償、還原影像、直方圖均衡、乘法器、PSNR、dynamic range compensation、image restoration、histogram equalization、multiplier

Design and Implementation for the High Efficiency Hardware Accelerator applied to the AI Model of OLED Degradation Prediction

光電系統研究所

有機發光二極體、亮度衰減、類神經網路模型、高效能、硬體實現、流水線、OLED、Degradation、Neural-Network、High efficiency、hardware implementation、pipeline

90Hz Current Mode Data Programming Circuit for FHD OLED using PPTCF

電機學院電機與控制學程

主動矩陣有機發光二極體、推挽式暫態電流前饋電路、電流模式驅動電路、雙回授電路、雙零點補償、薄膜電晶體、AMOLED、Push-Pull Transient Current Feedforward、Current mode programming、Dual feedback loop、Dual Zero Compensation、Thin Film Transistor

Research of photoplethysmography signal capture micro system design

電機學院電機與控制學程

前端類比、光體積變化描記圖法、心率、血壓、線路設計、走線佈局、感測貼片、Analog front-end、Photoplethysmography、Heart rate、Blood pressure、Schematic、Layout、Sensor patch

High Performance FPGA Implement of Elliptic Curve Scale Multiplication based on High-Radix Architecture in GF(p)

電控工程研究所

可程式化邏輯設計、橢圓標量乘法、高基數、橢圓曲線、FPGA、EC scale multiplication、Elliptic curve cryptography、High-radix

Establishing an AI model for OLED Degradation Prediction

影像與生醫光電研究所

有機發光二極體、亮度劣化、類神經網路、高準確度、AI模型、OLED、Degradation、Neural-Network、High accuracy、AI Model

Design and Implementation of High-efficiency HMAC-SHA256 Based on FPGA

電控工程研究所

金鑰雜湊訊息鑑別碼、安全雜湊演算法、哈希計算、壓縮塊、流水線、關鍵路徑、HMAC、Secure Hash Algorithm、Hash computation、compression block、pipeline、critical path

The power management circuit for pulsed power systems

電機資訊國際學程

被動補償、脈衝發電機、電磁場模擬、結構場模擬、Alternating pulsed power、nanopower、thyristors、two-phase compulsator

Design and Implementation of the GA-Based Sliding Mode Controller for a Two-Degree-of-Freedom Translational Optical Image Stabilizer in Image Sensors

電控工程研究所

光學影像穩定器、運動方程式、基因演算法、滑動模式控制器、Optical Image Stabilizer、Equations of Motion、Genetic Algorithm、Sliding Mode Controller

Cuffless Non-invasive Blood Pressure Optical Sensor with array of LED/PD control by FPGA

電機工程學系

光體積描述法、帶通濾波器、可編程增益放大器、LED驅動電路、photoelectric plethysmography (PPG)、band-pass filter、programmable gain amplifier (PGA)、LED driver、radial artery

Design and Implementation of Sigma-Delta Modulator for Photoplethysmographic Blood Pressure Sensor

電控工程研究所

光體積描述法、多波長發光二極體、類比數位轉換器、積分三角調變器、Photoplethysmographic、Multi-Wavelength LED、Analog-to-Digital Converter、Sigma- Delta Modulator

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FLEXIBLE OLED-OPD PATCH FOR PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY SENSOR

電機資訊國際學程

柔性OLED / OPD PCB貼片、血流量（BF）、血壓（BP）、光電容積脈搏波（PPG）傳感器、Flexible OLED/OPD PCB patch、Blood Flow (BF)、Blood Pressure (BP)、Photoplethysmography (PPG) Sensor

Design and Implementation of High-efficiency Advanced Encryption Standard Hardware Cryptographic Engine

電控工程研究所

前瞻加密標準、高效率設計、小面積、32位元資料路徑、8位元資料路徑、Advanced Encryption Standard、high efficiency、low area、32 bit datapath、8bit datapath

Estimating Blood Pressure based PPG signals by using Machine Learning methods

電控工程研究所

機器學習、光體積變化描記圖法、血壓、訊號處理、心率、統計學、卷積神經網路、Machine Learning、PPG、blood pressure、signal processing、heart rate、statistics、convolutional neural network

A Random Number Generator Based on the NeoPUF Technology, and Apply to the Hardwallet

光電系統研究所

硬體錢包、加密貨幣、密碼學、物理不可克隆功能、Hardwallet、Cryptocurrency、Encryption Algorithm、Physical Unclonable Function

A 5Gb/s Clock and Data Recovery with Mixer-Based Phase Detector

電機工程學系

時脈與資料回復電路、混頻式相位偵測器、Clock and data recovery、Mixer-based Phase detector

The Readout Circuit and System Implementation using Code Division Multiple Access Technique for the Ultra-thin On-cell Flexible Capacitive Touch Panel

電控工程研究所

分碼多重進接技術、on-cell投射電容式觸控顯示面板、周邊電極、被動式有機發光二極體、Code Division Multiple Access、on-cell capacitive touch panel、peripheral electrode、passive matrix touch panel

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF A NEW POLYMER SENSOR FOR CUFF-LESS AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

電控工程研究所

連續血壓計(ABPM)、反射脈衝傳輸時間、脈搏傳遞速度、倒傳遞類神經網路、Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM)、Reflective pules transmit time (R-PTT)、Pulse wave velocity (PWV)、Back-propagation neural network (BPNN)

The development of amperometric sensing chip with a novel 3-dimensional TiN nanoelectrode array by CMOS process

生物科技學系・共同指導：袁俊傑

3D傳感器、雙氧水、半導體、奈米電極陣列、氮化鈦、3D biosensor、h2o2、cmos、nano electrode array、titanium nitride

Application of Readout Circuit and System Design for a Six Force/Torque Sensor

光電系統研究所

6軸力/力矩感測器、截波電流回授儀表放大器、轉導電容濾波器、Six axis Force/Torque Sensor、Current Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier with chopper、Gm-C Filter

Design and development of portable continuous non-invasive blood pressure sensing device

電機工程學系

光電容積描記、LED/PD PPG感測器、血壓測量、反射脈衝傳輸時間、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、LED/PD PPG module、blood pressure (BP) measurement、reflective pules transient time (R-PTT)

Design and Fabrication of High Reliability Amorphous Silicon Gate Driver for Narrow Bezel TFT-LCD

光電學院光電科技學程

閘極驅動電路、非晶矽薄膜電晶體、液晶顯示器、窄邊框、Gate drivers、a-Si TFT、TFT-LCDs、Narrow Bezel、ASG

A Novel Wireless Photoplethysmography Sensor for Measuring Blood Flow Volume at Arterovenous Fistula

電控工程研究所

光體積描記訊號、瘻管、血流量、類神經網路、支援向量機、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF)、Blood Flow Volume (BFV)、Neural Network (NN)、Support Vector Machine (SVM)

The driver circuit for power switches in a compulsator

電機資訊國際學程

脈衝發電機、Compulsator

A Real-Time Algorithm for Non-invasive Cuffless Blood Pressure Optical Sensor in Digital IC

光電系統研究所

血壓、光體積變化描記訊號、數位晶片、Blood pressure、Photoplethysmography、Digital chip

A 13.56MHz Wireless Power Transfer System with Single-Stage Regulating Rectifier for Medical Devices

電控工程研究所

主動式整流器、單級穩壓整流器、1X/0X模式控制、脈衝頻率調變、延遲鎖定迴路、無線電力傳輸、Active Rectifier、Single-Stage Regulating Rectifier、1X/0X Mode Control、Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM)、Delay lock loop (DLL)、Wireless Power Transfer

Design and Implementation of a High Accuracy Interpolation Encoder IC for Magnetic Sensor

光電系統研究所

定位量測、磁性尺編碼器、細分割電路、校正電路、Location Measurement、Magnetic encoders、Interpolation circuit、Calibration

Estimating Blood Flow based on PPG signals and Artificial Neural Network

電機資訊國際學程

光電容積脈搏波描記術(PPG)、特徵提取、動靜脈瘺(AVF)、血流量(BFV)、人工神經網絡(ANN)、Photoplethysmography (PPG)、Feature Extraction、Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF)、Blood Flow Volume (BFV)、Artificial Neural Network (ANN)

PID Controller For Energy Harvester Backpack Power Management Circuit

電控工程研究所

獵能移動式背包、PI控制器、Regulator controller、Energy harvester backpack

Estimating Blood Pressure based PPG signals by using Artificial Neural Networks.

電機資訊國際學程

血壓、非侵入性、光電容積脈搏波、人工神經網絡、Blood pressure、non-invasive、PPG、artificial neural networks

Two-Stage Three-Level Smart Inverter with Grid Support Functions Application for Photovoltaic System

電控工程研究所

智慧變流器、三階式變流器、電壓-虛功控制、頻率-實功控制、低電壓穿越、歇控制模式、smart inverter、three level inverter、volt–var control、frequency–watt control、low voltage ride through (LVRT)、skip control method

Application of Code Division Multiple Access Technology in Readout circuit and System design for an Ultra-thin On-cell Flexible Capacitive Touch Panel

電控工程研究所

分碼多重進接技術、on-cell投射電容式觸控顯示面板、多通道驅動、修正式二次取樣技術、CDMA、on-cell capacitive touch panel、Multi-channel drive、correlated double sampling(CDS)

Design and Implementation of Readout Circuitry for Magnetic Interpolation Encoder

電機資訊國際學程

線性磁條尺、編碼器讀取晶片、可程式增益放大器、Delta-Sigma類比數位轉換器、插值電路、magnetic linear scales、encoder readout IC、programmable gain amplifiers (PGAs)、interpolation circuit、delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters

Readout Circuit and System Design for a Ultra-thin On-cell Flexible Capacitive Touch Panel

電機工程學系

超薄型On-cell可撓式觸控面板、動態平均、多通道驅動、高畫面更新率、on-cell ultra-thin film touch screen panel、moving average、multi-channel driving、high frame rate

AMOLED Display OLED Pixel Small Current Sensing Circuit Design

電機工程學系

微小電流感測、Push-Pull Transient Feedforward、Current ADC、AMOLED、RC delay、pixel

Development of a Current Readout Circuit for Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diodes Displays

電機工程學系

主動矩陣有機發光二極體、電流讀取電路、單位增益緩衝器、開關電容積分器、AMOLED、Current readout circuit、Unity-gain buffer、Switched-Capacitor Integrator

The gate driver circuit for power switches in a compulstor

電機資訊國際學程

三個串聯和四個並聯的 IGBT、IGBT module、snubber circuits、series IGBT、parallel branch、gate driver

Design and Implementation of a High Accuracy Algorithm for Magnetic Interpolation Encoder IC

電控工程研究所

定位量測、磁性尺編碼器、細分割電路、校正電路、Location Measurement、Magnetic encoders、Interpolation circuit、Calibration

Design and Implementation of the OLED Driving and OPD Readout Circuitry for Optical Vibration Sensor

電控工程研究所・共同指導：陳福川

PWM驅動電路、轉阻放大器、類比數位轉換器、時間數位轉換器、震動感測器、PWM drive、TIA、ADC、TDC、vibration sensor

A Low Power 1Mbps Clock and Data Recovery Circuitry for Visible Light Communication

電機資訊國際學程

光接收機、時鐘和數據恢復、低功率IoT標籤、能量採集、Optical receiver、clock and data recovery、low-power IoT tag、energy harvesting

Low-power and Reference-Less data and clock recovery circuit for visible light receivers

光電系統研究所

光接收器、時脈與資料回復電路、轉阻放大器、可見光通訊、物聯網、Optical receiver、clock and data recovery、transimpedance amplifier、visible light communication、Internet of Things

Towards Maximizing Measuring Accuracy of a Optical Blood Pressure Non-invasive Cuffless Array Sensor via Radial Artery Position Detection and Analog Signal Processing

電控工程研究所

光體積描述法、多波長發光二極體、帶通濾波器、可編程增益放大器、LED驅動電路、橈動脈位置偵測、photoelectric plethysmography (PPG)、muti-wavelength、band-pass filter、programmable gain amplifier (PGA)、LED driver、radial artery position detection

A New Algorithm for Continuous Non-invasive Blood Pressure Sensor in Digital IC

電控工程研究所

血壓、光體積變化描記訊號、數位晶片、Blood pressure、Photoplethysmography、Digital chip

The Sensing Readout Circuit and System for In-cell OLED Capacitive Touch Panel

影像與生醫光電研究所

內嵌式投射電容式觸控顯示面板、修正式二次取樣技術、動態平均、多項式插值法、周邊電極、主動式陣列觸控面板、被動式有機發光二極體、in-cell projected capacitive touch panel screen、corrected double-sampling、moving average、polynomial interpolation、peripheral electrode、active-matrix touch panel、PMOLED

A Front-end Analog Circuit Design for Optical Interpolation Encoder IC

電機工程學系

定位量測、光學尺編碼器、細分割電路、Location measurement、Optical encoders、Interpolation circuit

A Highly Adaptable Charge Pump Energy Harvesting System with MPPT Circuit Employed in IoT Devices

電機工程學系

太陽能獵能電路、無電感直流-直流升壓電路、電荷幫浦、最大功率點追蹤、基底選擇電路、solar energy harvester、inductorless DC-DC converter、charge pump、maximum power point tracking、body selector

The Noise-reduction Sensing System for a Ultra-thin On-cell Flexible Capacitive Touch Panel

光電系統研究所

On-cell投射電容式觸控顯示面板、抗雜訊感測電路、超薄型可撓曲觸控面板、On-cell projected capacitive touch screen panel、Noise-reduction sensing circuit、ultra-thin flexible touch panel

Design and Implementation of the OLED Driving Circuit and OPD Readout Circuit for Vibration Sensor in 0.35μm CMOS Process

電控工程研究所

PWM驅動電路、轉阻放大器、類比數位轉換器、時間數位轉換器、振動感測器、PWM driver、trans-impedance amplifier、analog-to-digital converter、time-to-digital converter、vibration sensor

Design and experimental validation of the controller for the optical image stabilizer (OIS) in a camera phone towards anti-handshake effects

光電學院光電科技學程・共同指導：鄭協昌

光學防手震、音圈馬達、相位超前控制、Optical image stabilizer、voice coil motor、phase-lead control

A Small-sized Non-dispersive Infrared Carbon Dioxide Sensor Chamber Design

光電系統研究所

比爾-朗伯定律、氣體感測器、二氧化碳、中空波導、Beer-Lambert law、gas sensor、carbon dioxide、hollow waveguide

A Front-end Analog Circuit Design for Magnetic Interpolation Encoder IC

電控工程研究所

定位量測、磁性尺編碼器、細分割電路、Location Measurement、Magnetic encoders、Interpolation circuit

Optical Receiver Circuit Design for Visible Light Communication on Batteryless Photovoltaic IoT Tags

電控工程研究所

光接收器、時脈與資料回復電路、轉阻放大器、可見光通訊、物聯網、Optical receiver、clock and data recovery、transimpedance amplifier、visible light communication、Internet of Things

A Small-sized Non-dispersive Infrared Carbon Dioxide Sensor Drive/Readout Circuit Design in 0.35μm CMOS Process

電控工程研究所

比爾-朗伯定律、氣體感測器、二氧化碳、熱電堆感測器、Beer-Lambert law、gas sensor、carbon dioxide、thermopile

The Novel Sensing Circuit for an Ultra-thin film On-cell Flexible Capacitive Touch Panel

電控工程研究所

投射電容式觸控面板、On-cell觸控面板電路、有限元素模擬、projected capacitive touch panel、On-cell touch panel circuit、finite elements simulation.

A Charge Pump with MPPT Circuit Employed in Batteryless Photovoltaic IoT Tags

電控工程研究所

太陽能獵能電路、基底選擇電路、最大功率點追蹤、電荷幫浦、升壓電路、Solar energy harvester、Body selector circuit、Optimal power point tracking、Charge pump、Boost circuit

Design of an Auto-calibration Temperature-compensated Crystal Oscillator in 0.18μm CMOS Process

影像與生醫光電研究所

石英振盪器、數位控制、溫度補償、低功耗、延遲單元、溫度感測器、Crystal oscillator、Digital control、Temperature compensation、Low power、Delay cell、Temperature sensor

The Dynamic Modeling and Drive System Design for a 2-DOF Optical Image Stabilizer

影像與生醫光電研究所

光學影像穩定器、動態方程式、比例積分微分控制、Optical image stabilizer、Equation of motion、Proportional–integral–derivative control

Design of 700V LDMOSFET with Low Rds(on) in 0.18um Technology

電機學院電機與控制學程

橫向雙擴散金氧半場效電晶體、LDMOS

Shielding Layer Thickness Effect for Projected Capacitive Touch Panel

電機學院電機與控制學程

投射電容式觸控面板、屏蔽層厚度、觸控靈敏度、感應線訊雜比、projected capacitive touch panel、shielding layer thickness、touch panel sensitivity、SNR

The Gate Circuit Improvement and Simulation of TFT-LCD

平面顯示技術碩士學位學程

閘級驅動電路、掃瞄驅動電路、Gate Driver、GIP、GIA、GOA

A Single Inductor Bipolar Multiple Output DC-DC Converter Using Pulse Frequency Modulation Control for TFT-LCD Drivers

電控工程研究所

單電感雙極性多輸出直流轉直流升壓電路、電壓漣波控制、固定導通時間控制、變頻控制、Single-inductor bipolar multiple-output (SIBMO)、pulse frequency modulation (PFM)、on-chip boost converter、ripple-based control、constant on-time

Modeling, Analysis and Control of Parkinson’s Disease Utilizing Deep Brain Stimulation System

電控工程研究所・共同指導：楊谷洋

深腦刺激系統、帕金森氏病、視丘下核、最佳刺激位置、最佳刺激參數、Deep Brain Stimulation System、Parkinson’s Disease、Subthalamic nucleus、Optimal stimulation location、Optimal stimulation parameters

An Automatic Mixed-Signal Readout System for an Organic Vertical Nano-Junctions Gas Sensor

電控工程研究所

垂直有機奈米接面二極體、氣體感測讀取系統、差分電流電路、取樣保持電路、前置放大器、混和訊號電路、計數器、Organic diode with vertical nano-junctions (VNJ)、Trans-impedance circuit、Differential current circuit、Sample and Hold circuit、Preamplifier、Mixed-Signal circuit、Counter

Maximizing Temperature Uniformity over Wafers in a MOCVD Process by Multi-zone Temperature Feedback Control

影像與生醫光電研究所

有機金屬化學氣相沉積、晶圓溫度控制、晶圓模型參考、PID溫度控制、晶圓快速熱過程、MOCVD、wafer temperature control、model reference on a wafer、PID temperature control、rapid thermal processing

The novel sensing system for a flexible capacitive touch panel

電控工程研究所

投射電容式觸控面板、觸控面板電路、史密特觸發器、projected capacitive touch panel、touch panel circuit、Schmitt trigger

Front-End Readout IC for Portable Blood Pressure Sensing System

電控工程研究所

前端讀取電路、壓阻式血壓感測、readout circuit、Blood Pressure Sensing

Design of a High-precision Low-power Temperature-compensated Crystal Oscillator in 0.18μm CMOS Process

電控工程研究所

石英振盪器、數位控制、溫度補償、低功耗、延遲單元、溫度感測器、Crystal oscillator、Digital control、Temperature compensation、Low power、Delay cell、Temperature sensor

Design and Realization of USB2.0 Interface For High Resolution (640x480) SWIR Image Acquisition System

電機學院電機與控制學程

熱影像模組、短波紅外線、SWIR、USB2.0、focal plane array、real-time image acquistion

Optimal Design, Fabrication and Application of Light Emitting Diodes and Its Systems

電控工程研究所

發光二極體、基因演算法、背光模組、光子晶體、有限時域差分法、主動像素電、Light-emitting-diode、Genetic algorithm、Backlight unit、Photonic crystals、Finite-difference time-domain、Active pixel sensor

A Self-adjustable Dropless Rectifier Charge Pump Employed in Magnetic Energy Harvesters

電控工程研究所

充電幫浦、電能管理電路、獵能電路、無壓降電路、整流器、Charge Pump、Power Management、Energy Harvesting Circuit、Dropless circuit、Rectifier

An Optimized On-Chip Boost-type DC-DC Converter with an On-board Inductance

電控工程研究所

全積體化電感、電感型直流升壓電路、電感最佳化、fully on-chip inductor、inductive DC-DC boost converter、inductor optimization

Modeling Luminance Degradation for OLEDs under Reverse Biases to be Applied the Pixel Circuit in an AMOLED Display

電控工程研究所

有機發光二極體、畫素電路、負偏壓、Organic light emitting diode (OLED)、pixel circuit、reverse bias

Design and Realization of High Resolution (640x480) SWIR Image Acquisition System

電控工程研究所

短波紅外線、焦平面陣列、即時影像擷取、short wave infrared (SWIR)、focal plane array (FPA)、real-time image acquisition

Design and Realization of a Dual-directional Auto-stereoscopic 3D Display Using Liquid Crystal Lenticular Lens

影像與生醫光電研究所

液晶圓柱透鏡、雙向裸眼立體顯示、OLED、A liquid crystal lenticular (LCL) lens array、a dual-directional auto-stereoscopic display、organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)

A 10-Bit DAC with Linear Interpolation for Compact LCD Driver ICs

電控工程研究所

緩衝放大器、源極驅動器、數位類比轉換器、線性內插、液晶顯示器、Buffer Amplifier、Source Driver、DAC、Linear Interpolation、LCDs

A Front-end Readout Circuit Including an Analog Divider for an OTFT Gas Sensor

電控工程研究所

有機薄膜電晶體、前置放大器、類比除法器、LPC1768、氣體感測系統、OTFTs、Preamplifier、Analog Divider、Gas Sensing System

Realization and Optimization of a Rectifier Charge Pump Employed in Vibratory Energy Harvesters

電控工程研究所

充電幫浦、電能管理電路、獵能電路、最佳化、整流器、Charge Pump、Power Management、Energy Harvesting Circuit、Optimization、Rectifier

An Automatic Readout Circuit for an Organic Vertical Nano-junctions Gas Sensor

電控工程研究所

有機垂直奈米接面二極體、前置放大器、峰值偵測保持、類比除法器、氣體感測系統、Organic diode with vertical nano-junctions (VNJ)、Preamplifier、Peak-detect-and-hold、Analog Divider、Gas Sensing System

Design of Pixel Circuit and External Algorithm for Alleviating and Compensating AMOLED Display Degradation

電控工程研究所

有機發光二極體、劣化、畫素電路、外部演算法、補償、延緩、負偏壓、臨界電壓。、Organic light-emitting diode (OLED)、Degradation、Pixel circuit、External algorithm、Compensation、Alleviation、Reverse bias、Threshold voltage (Vth)

Design and Fabrication of Multiple Electrodes in Varied Liquid Crystal Lenses Functioning Convergence, Divergence and 3D Display

電控工程研究所

液晶透鏡、多電極、會聚透鏡、發散透鏡、雙頻液晶、向錯現象、立體顯示、串擾現象、Liquid crystal (LC) lens、multiple electrodes、convergent lens、divergent lens、dual-frequency LC、disclination lines effect、3D display、crosstalk effect